Dry and wet wire drawing: Differences and applications
Wire drawing is an essential industrial process for the production of wire with specific diameters. The two main wire drawing techniques are dry drawing and wet drawing.
The choice between these techniques depends on the specific application requirements and the characteristics of the material to be processed. Knowing the differences between the two methods is crucial to optimise production and guarantee the quality of the end product.
Dry drawing
Dry drawing involves the wire passing through a series of dies without the use of liquid lubricants. This method can utilise vertically or horizontally mounted cabestans in normal or inclined configurations. The initial entry diameter of the wire can be up to 15 mm, reducing to as little as 0.5 mm depending on the type of wire or alloy being processed.
The advanced technology employed in the dry drawing machines allows high industrial standards to be achieved. Independently motorised capstans synchronised by feelers or dancers guarantee the highest quality in the wire diameter reduction process.
An example of a material used in dry drawing is Kerblack®, developed by Paganoni, which offers excellent wear resistance and high durability.
Wet drawing
Wet drawing involves the wire and die being completely immersed in a lubricant, such as oils or emulsions, during the process.
This method is ideal for ferrous and non-ferrous wires, reducing downtime and increasing productivity. The use of innovative electronic controls enables reduced energy consumption.
Some machines combine the benefits of dry and wet drawing, offering versatile solutions.
An advanced variant is spray bath drawing, where the lubricant is sprayed directly onto the die and main components.
Kersint® is another advanced material from Paganoni, suitable for both dry and wet drawing, known for its resistance to wear and its effectiveness in improving the quality of the end product.
Advantages and disadvantages of the two drawing techniques
Dry drawing
Advantages:
- Reduced operational complexity with no need for lubricant handling.
- Reduced maintenance and ease of cleaning.
- Possibility of obtaining very small diameters with high precision.
Disadvantages:
- Increased die wear due to lack of lubrication.
- Potential increase in wire temperature during machining.
Wet drawing
Advantages:
- Better cooling and lubrication of dies and wire.
- Reduced die wear due to lubricants.
- Ability to handle more delicate and complex wires.
Disadvantages:
- Increased operational complexity and need for lubricant management.
- Higher maintenance costs and lubricant residue management.
Practical applications in Paganoni’s products
Paganoni offers advanced solutions for both drawing methods. Wolside® coated products are particularly effective for applications requiring high wear resistance and corrosion protection.
These coatings are ideal for components such as rings and cones, dancers, wire guide rollers, idler pulleys and puller capstans, ensuring excellent performance in both dry and wet drawing. In addition, Paganoni’s Kerblack® and Kersint® materials ensure long life and superior performance, significantly improving the efficiency and quality of the drawing process.
The future of wire drawing, dry and wet
The future of wire drawing sees continuous technological evolution, with Paganoni leading innovation in the industry. Future prospects include the development of new coatings and materials, the optimisation of existing processes and the implementation of advanced technologies to further improve the efficiency and quality of the end product.
Paganoni’s commitment to innovation ensures state-of-the-art solutions to meet the needs of an ever-changing market.
